This research draws on several fields of science, including biophysics, which studies the physical principles underlying biological processes, muscle physiology, which focuses on how muscles work, and the role of water in these processes.

The research was conducted by a team of scientists from the University of Michigan and Harvard University, highlighting the importance of collaboration in scientific discovery.

This finding challenges traditional understandings of muscle mechanics, which focused primarily on the role of molecular interactions.

The new model provides a more comprehensive understanding of muscle contraction by taking into account the physical properties of muscle fibers, including their three-dimensional structure and water conten

Odd elasticity allows muscles to generate power using three-dimensional deformations. This property helps to explain how muscles can contract and bulge simultaneously.

The findings of this research could have significant implications for the development of new materials and technologies. For example, they could lead to the creation of soft actuators that are more efficient and versatile, as well as faster and more powerful artificial muscles.

The new framework developed by the researchers can be applied to the study of many other biological systems, not just muscles. This is because many cells and tissues are also composed largely of water.

The research could also shed light on how unicellular microorganisms, such as paramecium, are able to move so quickly. These organisms rely on fluid dynamics to power their movements.

Soft actuators are a type of material that can convert energy into motion. The findings of this research could help to improve the design of soft actuators by making them more efficient and responsive.

Muscle exhibits a new kind of elasticity called odd elasticity